بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Bismi Allahi alrrahmani alrraheemi
In the name of God, the Gracious, the Compassionate.
In the name of God, the Almighty, the Merciful.
In the name of God, The Most Gracious, The Dispenser of Grace:
In the name of GOD, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. ,
All praise is due to God, the Lord/Cherisher/Sustainer of the Universe and everything therein.
Bismillâhir rahmânir rahîm.
Rahman, Rahim Allah'ın ismiyle
Rahman ve Rahim Allah'ın adıyla...
RAHMÂN, RAHÎM ALLAH ADINA
Rahman ve Rahim olan Allah'ın adıyla
52:1 والطور
52:1 Waalttoori
52:1 By the mount,
52:1 By the mount.
52:1 CONSIDER Mount Sinai !1
Note 1
For my rendering of the adjurative particle wa as "Consider", see first half of note 23 on 74:32. The expression at-tur (lit., "the mountain") is used in the Qur'an exclusively to denote Mount Sinai , on which Moses received his decisive revelation. In the present context it signifies, metonymically, revelation as such, to which the next verse calls attention.
52:1 Mt. Sinai.,
52:1 Mount Sinai stands witness.1
Note 1
This is the 52nd Surah of the Qur’an and it has 49 verses. God watched very closely the person, the character, the actions and the Mission of the exalted Messenger. This Surah is a great example of Tasreef, how beautifully the Qur’an displays its Uniform message, repeating its verses from different vantage points and in diverse facets, filling our sight and mind with décor rather than a colorless monotony.
With the Glorious Name of God, the Instant and Sustaining Source of all Mercy and Kindness
That this Qur’an is a Divine Writ as was the scripture of law bestowed upon Moses
52:2 Wakitabin mastoorin
52:2 A recorded book.
52:2 And a recorded Book.
52:2 Consider [God's] revelation, inscribed
52:2 The recorded scripture.,
52:2 And a well-scored Book it is.
52:3 Fee raqqin manshoorin
52:3 In paper published.
52:3 In parchment published.
52:3 on wide-open scrolls.2
Note 2
I.e., always open to man's understanding (Razi).
52:3 Published in books.,
52:3 Written on fine parchment, unrolled, open for everyone to read, widely published.2
Note 2
Raqq = Deer skin = Parchment. Right here is the unequivocal negation of many accounts of fabricated Hadith that the Qur’an was written on bones, date-leaves, stones etc. Manshoor = Unfolded, unrolled, available to be seen and read, open to understanding, widely distributed
52:4 Waalbayti almaAAmoori
52:4 The frequented/built sanctuary.
52:4 And the constructed Sanctuary.
52:4 Consider the long-enduring house [of worship]!3 4
Note 3
This is a metonym for the fact that ever since the dawn of human consciousness men have persistently - although often but dimly - realized the existence of God and have tried, spurred on by the continuous, direct revelation granted to His prophets, to come closer to Him through worship. Hence, Baydawi regards the expression al-bayt al-ma'mur as a metaphor for the heart of the believer.
Note 4
I.e., "Consider the immensity and wonderful configuration of the visible universe as an evidence of a conscious Creator."
52:4 The frequented Shrine.,
52:4 And the Blessed House that is frequently visited (the Ka’bah) stands witness.
52:5 Waalssaqfi almarfooAAi
52:5 The ceiling which is elevated.
52:5 And the ceiling which is raised.
52:5 Consider the vault [of heaven] raised high!
52:5 The exalted ceiling.,
52:5 By the exalted canopy (of the sky, this Book is exalted)!
52:6 Waalbahri almasjoori
52:6 The sea that is set aflame.
52:6 And the sea that is overflowing.
52:6 Consider the surf-swollen sea!*
52:6 The sea that is set aflame.,
52:6 And by the ocean bustling with ships and lights.
52:7 Inna AAathaba rabbika lawaqiAAun
52:7 Your Lord's retribution is unavoidable.
52:7 The retribution of your Lord is unavoidable.
52:7 VERILY, [O man,] the suffering decreed by thy Sustainer [for the sinners] will indeed come to pass:
52:7 Your Lord's requital is unavoidable.,
52:7 The retribution of your Lord is now inevitable.
52:8 Ma lahu min dafiAAin
52:8 Nothing can stop it.
52:8 Nothing can stop it.
52:8 there is none who could avert it.
52:8 No force in the universe can stop it.,
52:8 There is none who can repel it.
52:9 Yawma tamooru alssamao mawran
52:9 The day when the sky will violently thunder.
52:9 The Day when the heaven will violently thunder.
52:9 [It will come to pass] on the Day when the skies will be convulsed in [a great] convulsion,
52:9 The day will come when the sky will violently thunder.,
52:9 On the day when the high elite will be shaken, and shaken hard.3
Note 3
Samaa = Sky, heaven, height, top and elite
52:10 Wataseeru aljibalu sayran
52:10 The mountains will be wiped out.
52:10 And the mountains will be wiped out.
52:10 and the mountains will move with [an awesome] movement.
52:10 The mountains will be wiped out.,
52:10 And the strong leaders will be moved with a movement.4
Note 4
Jibaal = Mountains, of firm standing, strong leaders, high and powerful, dominating
52:11 Fawaylun yawma-ithin lilmukaththibeena
52:11 Woes on that day to the deniers.
52:11 Woe on that Day to the deniers.
52:11 Woe, then, on that Day to all who give the lie to the truth
52:11 Woe on that day to the disbelievers -,
52:11 Ultimately, then, is destruction on that Day for all who oppose the truth.
52:12 Allatheena hum fee khawdinyalAAaboona
52:12 Who are in their recklessness, playing.
52:12 Who are in their recklessness, playing.
52:12 all those who [throughout their lives] but idly played with things vain
52:12 who are in their blundering, heedless.,
52:12 Who peddle the play of shallow rituals.
52:13 يوم يدعون الى نار جهنم دعا
52:13 Yawma yudaAAAAoona ila narijahannama daAAAAan
52:13 The day they will be called into hell, forcibly:
52:13 The Day they will be called into Hell, forcibly:
52:13 on the Day when they shall be thrust into the fire with [an irresistible] thrust, [and will be told:]
52:13 They will be herded into Gehenna, forcibly.,
52:13 The Day when they are thrust into the fire of Hell with a mighty thrust.
52:14 هذه النار التى كنتم بها تكذبون
52:14 Hathihi alnnaru allateekuntum biha tukaththiboona
52:14 "This is the fire which you used to deny!"
52:14 "This is the Fire which you used to deny!"
52:14 This is the fire which you were wont to call a lie!
52:14 This is the Fire in which you used to disbelieve.,
52:14 This is the fire that you used to deny.
52:15 افسحر هذا ام انتم لا تبصرون
52:15 Afasihrun hatha am antum latubsiroona
52:15 "Is this magic, or do you not see?"
52:15 "Is this magic, or do you not see?"
52:15 Was it, then, a delusion5 or is it that you failed to see [its truth]?
Note 5
This is obviously the meaning of the term sihr in the present context (see surah 74 note 12).
52:15 Is this magic, or do you not see?,
52:15 Is it, then, magic, or is it that you never used your vision?
52:16 اصلوها فاصبروا او لا تصبروا سواء عليكم انما تجزون ما كنتم تعملون
52:16 Islawha faisbirooaw la tasbiroo sawaon AAalaykum innamatujzawna ma kuntum taAAmaloona
52:16 "Enter it, whether you are patient or impatient, it will be the same for you. You are only being requited for what you used to do."
52:16 "Enter it, whether you are patient or impatient, it will be the same for you. You are only being requited for what you used to do."
52:16 Endure it [now]! But [whether you] bear yourselves with patience or without patience, it will be the same to you: you are but being requited for what you were wont to do."6
Note 6
I.e., "you will have to endure it in either case, for it is but a consequence of your own doings and attitudes": a subtle allusion to the fact that the "punishments" and "rewards" in the life to come are but allegories of the logical consequences of the manner in which one acts or behaves in this life.
52:16 Suffer the burning. Whether you are patient or impatient, it will be the same for you. This is the just requital for what you did.,
52:16 Endure the heat herein. It is the same whether you bear it patiently or impatiently. This is only the built-in requital of what you used to do.
52:17 Inna almuttaqeena fee jannatinwanaAAeemin
52:17 The righteous are in paradises and bliss.
52:17 The righteous are in gardens and bliss.
52:17 [But,] verily, the God-conscious will find themselves [on that Day] in gardens and in bliss,
52:17 The righteous have deserved gardens and bliss.,
52:17 Those who chose to live upright, dwell in Gardens and in bliss.
52:18 فكهين بما ءاتىهم ربهم ووقىهم ربهم عذاب الجحيم
52:18 Fakiheena bima atahumrabbuhum wawaqahum rabbuhum AAathaba aljaheemi
52:18 Delighted by what their Lord has granted them; and their Lord has spared them the retribution of hell.
52:18 Delighted by what their Lord has granted them; and their Lord has spared them the retribution of Hell.
52:18 rejoicing in all that their Sustainer will have granted them: for their Sustainer will have warded off from them all suffering through the blazing fire.
52:18 They enjoy what their Lord has reserved for them; their Lord has spared them the retribution of Hell.,
52:18 Delighted in what their Lord has bestowed upon them. And their Lord has guarded them against the torment of the Blazing Fire.
52:19 كلوا واشربوا هنيا بما كنتم تعملون
52:19 Kuloo waishraboo hanee-an bimakuntum taAAmaloona
52:19 Eat and drink happily because of what you used to do.
52:19 Eat and drink happily because of what you used to do.
52:19 [And they will be told:] Eat and drink with good cheer as an outcome of what you were wont to do,
52:19 Eat and drink happily, in return for your works.,
52:19 Enjoy life, eat and drink happily for what you used to do.
52:20 متكين على سرر مصفوفة وزوجنهم بحور عين
52:20 Muttaki-eena AAala sururin masfoofatinwazawwajnahum bihoorin AAeenin
52:20 They recline on arranged furnishings, and We coupled them with wonderful companions.1
52:20 They recline on arranged beds, and We married them to wonderful companions.
52:20 reclining on couches [of happiness] ranged in rows!"7 And [in that paradise] We shall mate them with companions pure, most beautiful of eye.8
Note 7
As explained by Razi in his comments on the above verse as well as on 18:31 and 55:54, the "reclining on couches" or "on carpets" in paradise is a symbol of inner fulfillment and peace of mind; and he points out that this is also alluded to in the identity of the verbal root sarra ("he was [or "became"] happy") in both the nouns surur ("happiness") and sarir ("couch").
Note 8
For an explanation of the expression hur'in, see surah 56 note 8.
52:20 They relax on luxurious furnishings, and we match them with beautiful spouses.,
52:20 Relaxing on well-decorated couches - And We will match them with neat companions, most beautiful of vision.
52:21 والذين ءامنوا واتبعتهم ذريتهم بايمن الحقنا بهم ذريتهم وما التنهم من عملهم من شىء كل امرئ بما كسب رهين
52:21 Waallatheena amanoo waittabaAAat-humthurriyyatuhum bi-eemanin alhaqnabihim thurriyyatahum wama alatnahum minAAamalihim min shay-in kullu imri-in bima kasaba raheenun
52:21 Those who acknowledged, and their progeny also followed them in acknowledgement; We will have their progeny join them. We never fail to reward them for any work. Every person is paid for what he did.
52:21 And those who believed, and their progeny also followed them in belief; We will have their progeny join them. We never fail to reward them for any work. Every person is paid for what he did.
52:21 And as for those who have attained to faith and whose offspring will have followed them in faith, We shall unite them with their offspring; and We shall not let aught of their deeds go to waste:9 [but] every human being will be held in pledge for whatever he has earned.10
Note 9
Implying that the righteousness of their children increases the merit of the parents.
Note 10
I.e., the righteousness of the parents cannot absolve their offspring from individual responsibility.
52:21 For those who believed, and their children also followed them in belief, we will have their children join them. We never fail to reward them for any work. Every person is paid for what he did.,
52:21 And those who attained belief, and whose children followed them in belief, We shall unite them with their children. We shall not let any of their deeds go to waste. Every human will be held responsible for his own doings.5
Note 5
Being the progeny of righteous ancestors alone will be of no avail. 74:38. Raheen = Held as pledge = Collateral
52:22 وامددنهم بفكهة ولحم مما يشتهون
52:22 Waamdadnahum bifakihatin walahminmimma yashtahoona
52:22 We will supply them with fruit and meat such as they desire.
52:22 We will supply them with fruit and meat such as they desire.
52:22 And We shall bestow on them fruit and meat in abundance - whatever they may desire:
52:22 We will supply them with fruits and meats that they love.,
52:22 And We shall bestow on them the fruits and the delicacies of their choice.6
Note 6
Lahmim-maa-yashtahoon = Literally, meat such as they desire = Delicacies of their choice
52:23 يتنزعون فيها كاسا لا لغو فيها ولا تاثيم
52:23 YatanazaAAoona feeha ka/san lalaghwun feeha wala ta/theemun
52:23 They will exchange one with another a cup in which there is no harm, nor regret.
52:23 They will enjoy drinks therein, from which there is no nonsense, nor blame.
52:23 and in that [paradise] they shall pass on to one another a cup which will not give rise to empty talk, and neither incite to sin.11
Note 11
Cf. 37:47 - "no headiness will there be in it, and they will not get drunk thereon": and 56:19 - "by which their minds will not be clouded, and which will not make them drunk": an allegory of conscious, joyful elation. As regards the preceding reference to "fruit and meat in abundance - whatever they may desire", Razi observes that this symbolic "abundance" of sensual satisfaction will not lead to satiety but, rather, to a pleasurable desire which - contrary to what is man's lot in this world - can always be gratified.
52:23 They will enjoy drinks that are never polluted, and never sinful to drink.,
52:23 And therein they pass from hand to hand cups of delicious drinks that cause no idle talk nor a hangover.7
Note 7
Ithm = Any action that hurts human potential or dignity, hangover, harming the ‘self’, dragging down
52:24 ويطوف عليهم غلمان لهم كانهم لؤلؤ مكنون
52:24 Wayatoofu AAalayhim ghilmanunlahum kaannahum lu/luon maknoonun
52:24 Around them will be children like protected pearls.
52:24 And around them will be children like protected pearls.
52:24 And they will be waited upon by [immortal] youths,12 [as if they were children] of their own,13 [as pure] as if they were pearls hidden in their shells.
Note 13
Thus Razi, explaining the selfless devotion implied in the pronoun lahum (lit., "for them", i.e., "of their own").
52:24 Serving them will be servants like protected pearls.,
52:24 And their children like pearls, playful, happy around them. [13:23, 52:21, 59:17]
52:25 واقبل بعضهم على بعض يتساءلون
52:25 Waaqbala baAAduhum AAala baAAdinyatasaaloona
52:25 They came to one another asking.
52:25 And they came to one another asking.
52:25 And they [who are thus blest] will turn to one another, asking each other [about their past lives].14
Note 14
This symbolic "asking one another about their past lives" is meant to bring out the fact, often stressed in the Qur'an, that man's individual consciousness invariably survives his bodily death, to continue unbroken in the life to come.
52:25 They will meet each other and reminisce among themselves.,
52:25 They will socialize and reminisce among themselves (recalling how the previous life was).
52:26 قالوا انا كنا قبل فى اهلنا مشفقين
52:26 Qaloo inna kunna qablufee ahlina mushfiqeena
52:26 They said, "We used to be compassionate among our people."
52:26 They said: "We used to be compassionate among our people."
52:26 They will say: Behold, aforetime - when we were [still living] in the midst of our kith and kin - we were full of fear [at the thought of God's displeasure]:15
Note 15
Thus do all classical commentators - without, to my knowledge, any exception - interpret the above verse.
52:26 They will say, "We used to be kind and humble among our people.,
52:26 They will say, "We were kind and humble amidst our families.”
52:27 فمن الله علينا ووقىنا عذاب السموم
52:27 Famanna Allahu AAalayna wawaqanaAAathaba alssamoomi
52:27 "God thus blessed us, and has spared us the agony of the fiery winds."
52:27 "God thus blessed us, and has spared us the agony of the fierce hot winds."
52:27 and so God has graced us with His favour, and has warded off from us all suffering through the scorching winds [of frustration].
52:27 "GOD has blessed us, and has spared us the agony of ill winds.,
52:27 So God has graced us and guarded us against the suffering of scorching winds of requital.
52:28 انا كنا من قبل ندعوه انه هو البر الرحيم
52:28 Inna kunna min qablu nadAAoohuinnahu huwa albarru alrraheemu
52:28 "We used to implore Him before; He is the Kind, the Compassionate."
52:28 "We used to implore Him before; He is the Kind, the Merciful."
52:28 Verily, we did invoke Him [alone] ere this: [and now He has shown us]16 that He alone is truly benign, a true dispenser of grace!"
Note 16
Sc., "through our own, actual experience". This interpolation is based on the reading of the subsequent word as annahu ("that He is"), according to the Medina school, in contrast with the more conventional Kufah and Basrah reading innahu ("verily, He is"). As Tabari stresses, either of these two readings is correct; I have chosen for my rendering the former inasmuch as it points to the overwhelming, direct insight which will be granted to the blessed on resurrection.
52:28 "We used to implore Him; He is the Most Kind, Most Merciful.",
52:28 Truly, We always used to call upon Him (for help and guidance). He is the Source of progress in societies, Merciful."8
Note 8
Birr = Making room for others to make progress
52:29 فذكر فما انت بنعمت ربك بكاهن ولا مجنون
52:29 Fathakkir fama anta biniAAmatirabbika bikahin wala majnoonin
52:29 Therefore, you shall remind. For by the grace of your Lord, you are neither a soothsayer, nor mad.
52:29 Therefore, you shall remind. For by the grace of your Lord, you are neither a soothsayer, nor crazy.
52:29 EXHORT, then, [O Prophet, all men:] for, by thy Sustainer's grace, thou art neither a soothsayer nor a madman.
The Messenger52:29 You shall remind the people. With your Lord's blessing's upon you, you are neither a soothsayer, nor crazy.,
52:29 So, (O Messenger) keep reminding, for, by the grace of your Lord, you are neither a soothsayer nor a madman.
52:30 ام يقولون شاعر نتربص به ريب المنون
52:30 Am yaqooloona shaAAirun natarabbasubihi rayba almanooni
52:30 Or do they say, "He is a poet; so let us just wait until a disaster befalls him."
52:30 Or do they say: "He is a poet; so let us just wait until a disaster befalls him."
52:30 Or do they say, [He is but] a poet - let us wait what time will do unto him"?17
Note 17
Lit., "let us await for him the evil happenings of time", i.e., brought about by time: this is the meaning given by Jawhari and Zamakhshari (in the Asas) to the expression rayb al-manun (which latter word is, according to these two authorities, a synonym of dahr, "time"). In the present context, the phrase obviously denotes the expectation of the Prophet's detractors that time would prove his teachings to have been false or, at best, a delusion.
52:30 They may say, "He is a poet; let us just wait until he is dead.",
52:30 What! Do they say, "A poet! Let us wait for some calamity to befall him in time!”
52:31 قل تربصوا فانى معكم من المتربصين
52:31 Qul tarabbasoo fa-innee maAAakum minaalmutarabbiseena
52:31 Say, "Continue waiting; for I will wait along with you."
52:31 Say: "Continue waiting; for I will wait along with you."
52:31 Say thou: Wait, [then,] hopefully; behold, I, too, shall hopefully wait with you!"18
Note 18
I.e., "Whereas you are waiting for my message to be proved false, I am awaiting its fulfillment!"
52:31 Say, "Go on waiting; I will wait along with you.",
52:31 Say to them, "Hope for what you hope for. I shall wait with you expecting what I expect."
52:32 ام تامرهم احلمهم بهذا ام هم قوم طاغون
52:32 Am ta/muruhum ahlamuhum bihathaam hum qawmun taghoona
52:32 Or do their dreams dictate this to them, or are they a transgressing people?
52:32 Or do their dreams dictate this to them, or are they a transgressing people?
52:32 Is it their minds that bid them [to take] this [attitude] - or are they [simply] people filled with overweening arrogance?19
Note 19
The meaning is: Have they any reasoned objection to the contents of this message - or do they simply reject the truth because their false pride in man's supposed "self-sufficiency" (cf. 96:6) prevents them from accepting the notion of responsibility before a Supreme Being?
52:32 Is it their dreams that dictate their behavior, or are they naturally wicked?,
52:32 Is it their dreams that dictate their behavior, or are they bent upon crossing all moral bounds?
52:33 ام يقولون تقوله بل لا يؤمنون
52:33 Am yaqooloona taqawwalahu bal layu/minoona
52:33 Or do they say, "He made it all up"? No, they simply do not acknowledge.
52:33 Or do they say: "He made it all up"? No, they simply do not believe.
52:33 Or do they say, He himself has composed this [message]"? Nay, but they are not willing to believe!
52:33 Do they say, "He made it all up?" Instead, they are simply disbelievers.,
52:33 Or do they say, “He himself has composed it?” Nay, they simply do not wish to believe.9
Note 9
The message hits at their interests. So, so many self-contradictory allegations
52:34 فلياتوا بحديث مثله ان كانوا صدقين
52:34 Falya/too bihadeethin mithlihi in kanoosadiqeena
The Quran, Unlike Human Words52:34 Let them produce a hadith like this, if they are truthful.2
52:34 Let them produce a narrative like this, if they are truthful.
52:34 But then, [if they deem it the work of a mere mortal,] let them produce another discourse like it - if what they say be true!
"Mohammedans" Challenge God and Produce Hadith52:34 Let them produce a Hadith like this, if they are truthful.,
52:34 Then let them produce a speech like this if they are truthful. [2:23, 10:38, 11:13, 17:88]
52:35 ام خلقوا من غير شىء ام هم الخلقون
52:35 Am khuliqoo min ghayri shay-in am humu alkhaliqoona
52:35 Or were they created from nothing? Or was it they who created?
52:35 Or were they created from nothing? Or was it them who have created?
52:35 [Or do they deny the existence of God?]20 Have they themselves been created without anything [that might have caused their creation]?21 or were they, perchance, their own creators?
Note 20
I.e., implicitly, by denying the fact of His revelation.
Note 21
I.e., by "spontaneous generation", as it were.
52:35 Were they created from nothing? Are they the creators?,
52:35 Are they a product of spontaneous generation? Or were they their own creators?
52:36 ام خلقوا السموت والارض بل لا يوقنون
52:36 Am khalaqoo alssamawatiwaal-arda bal la yooqinoona
52:36 Or did they create the heavens and the earth? No, they do not reason.
52:36 Or did they create the heavens and the earth? No, they do not comprehend.
52:36 [And] have they created the heavens and the earth?22 Nay, but they have no certainty of anything!
Note 22
This is a reductio ad absurdum of their unwillingness to admit the existence of a conscious Primary Cause underlying all creation.
52:36 Did they create the heavens and the earth? Indeed, they have no certainty.,
52:36 Or did they create the heavens and earth? Nay, but they have no firm belief.
52:37 ام عندهم خزائن ربك ام هم المصيطرون
52:37 Am AAindahum khaza-inu rabbika amhumu almusaytiroona
52:37 Or do they possess the treasures of your Lord? Are they in control?
52:37 Or do they possess the treasures of your Lord? Are they in control?
52:37 [How could they?] Are thy Sustainer's treasures with them?23 Or are they in charge [of destiny]?
Note 23
I.e., the treasures of His infinite knowledge and power.
52:37 Do they possess the treasures of your Lord? Are they in control?,
52:37 Do they possess the treasures of your Lord? Or are they in charge?
52:38 ام لهم سلم يستمعون فيه فليات مستمعهم بسلطن مبين
52:38 Am lahum sullamun yastamiAAoona feehifalya/ti mustamiAAuhum bisultanin mubeenin
52:38 Or do they have a stairway that enables them to listen? Then let their Hearers show their proof.
52:38 Or do they have a stairway that enables them to listen? Then let their listeners show their proof.
52:38 Or have they a ladder by which they could [ascend to ultimate truths and] listen [to what is beyond the reach of human perception]? Let, then, any of them who have listened [to it] produce a manifest proof [of his knowledge]!
52:38 Do they climb a ladder that enables them to listen? Let their listeners show their proof.,
52:38 Or do they climb a ladder to listen (to the Revelations)? Let their listeners bring their evidence.10
Note 10
The mystics are unable to show their ‘experience’. After the select Messengers, anyone claiming to communicate with God is either deceiving or is deluded
52:39 Am lahu albanatu walakumu albanoona
52:39 Or to Him belong the daughters, and to you belong the sons?
52:39 Or to Him belong the daughters, and to you belong the sons?
52:39 Or, [if you believe in God, how can you believe that] He has [chosen to have] daughters, whereas you yourselves would have [only] sons?24
Note 24
This is addressed specifically to the pagan contemporaries of the Prophet, implying that "you not only blaspheme by ascribing progeny to God, but you intensify your blasphemy by ascribing to Him something that you yourselves despise, i.e., female offspring": cf. 16:57 and the corresponding notes.
52:39 Does He have daughters, while you have sons?,
52:39 (Such is their ignorance, yet their claims!) What! He has daughters, whereas you would rather have only sons?
52:40 ام تسلهم اجرا فهم من مغرم مثقلون
52:40 Am tas-aluhum ajran fahum min maghraminmuthqaloona
52:40 Or do you ask them for a wage, thus they are burdened by the fine?
52:40 Or do you ask them for a wage, so they are burdened by the fine?
52:40 Or is it that [they who reject thy message, O Muhammad, fear lest] thou ask of them a reward, so that they would be burdened with debt [if they should listen to thee]?
52:40 Are you asking them for any wage, and they are burdened thereby?,
52:40 Or is it that you (O Prophet) ask them for any wage so that they are plunged in debt?
52:41 ام عندهم الغيب فهم يكتبون
52:41 Am AAindahumu alghaybu fahum yaktuboona
52:41 Or do they know the future, thus they have it recorded?
52:41 Or do they know the future, thus they have it recorded?
52:41 Or [do they think] that the hidden reality [of all that exists] is almost within their grasp, so that [in time] they can write it down?25
52:41 Do they know the future, and have it recorded?,
52:41 Or do they know the future so that they have it written down?
52:42 ام يريدون كيدا فالذين كفروا هم المكيدون
52:42 Am yureedoona kaydan faallatheenakafaroo humu almakeedoona
52:42 Or do they intend to scheme? Indeed, it is the ingrates who are schemed against.
52:42 Or do they want to make a plan? Indeed, it is the rejecters who are being planned against.
52:42 Or do they want to entrap [thee in contradictions]? But they who are bent on denying the truth - it is they who are truly entrapped!26
Note 26
I.e., it is they who constantly lose themselves in contradictions, whereas the message of the Qur'an is free thereof (cf. 4:82 and the corresponding note).
52:42 Are they plotting and scheming? The disbelievers' schemes backfire against them.,
52:42 Or do they intend a plot (to ensnare the Messenger)? But those who choose to live in darkness are the ones who will get entrapped.11
Note 11
Kufrhas been rendered as living in darkness according to the context. Kufr also means = Denying or concealing the truth = Refusing to accept God’s messages = Blind following = Rejecting Divine Guidance = Disregarding the revelation in favor of clergy
52:43 ام لهم اله غير الله سبحن الله عما يشركون
52:43 Am lahum ilahun ghayru Allahisubhana Allahi AAamma yushrikoona
52:43 Or do they have another god besides God? God be glorified above what they set up.
52:43 Or do they have another god besides God? God be glorified above what they set up.
52:43 Have they, then, any deity other than God? Utterly remote is God, in His limitless glory, from anything to which men may ascribe a share in His divinity!
52:43 Do they have another god beside GOD? GOD be glorified, far above having partners.,
52:43 Or do they have a god other than God? Glorified is God far above what they associate with Him.
52:44 وان يروا كسفا من السماء ساقطا يقولوا سحاب مركوم
52:44 Wa-in yaraw kisfan mina alssama-isaqitan yaqooloo sahabun markoomun
52:44 If they see an object falling from the sky, they will say, "Piled clouds!"
52:44 And if they see a portion from the heaven falling, they will say: "Piled clouds!"
52:44 AND YET, if they [who refuse to see the truth] were to see part of the sky falling down, they would [only] say, [It is but] a mass of clouds!"
52:44 When they see masses falling from the sky, they will say, "Piled clouds!",
52:44 Even if they were to see a fragment from the sky falling, they would say, “A dense cloud!”12
52:45 فذرهم حتى يلقوا يومهم الذى فيه يصعقون
52:45 Fatharhum hatta yulaqooyawmahumu allathee feehi yusAAaqoona
52:45 So disregard them until they meet the day in which they are struck.
52:45 So disregard them until they meet their Day in which they are stricken.
52:45 Hence, leave them alone until they face that [Judgment] Day of theirs, when they will be stricken with terror:
52:45 Disregard them until they meet the day in which they are struck.,
52:45 So, leave them alone until they meet that Day of theirs wherein they shall be thunderstruck.
52:46 يوم لا يغنى عنهم كيدهم شيا ولا هم ينصرون
52:46 Yawma la yughnee AAanhum kayduhumshay-an wala hum yunsaroona
52:46 The day when their schemes will not protect them, nor will they be helped.
52:46 The Day when their scheming will not protect them in the least, nor will they be helped.
52:46 the Day when none of their scheming will be of the least avail to them, and they will receive no succour.
52:46 On that day, their schemes will not protect them, nor will they be helped.,
52:46 The Day when none of their scheming will avail them, nor will they be helped.
52:47 وان للذين ظلموا عذابا دون ذلك ولكن اكثرهم لا يعلمون
52:47 Wa-inna lillatheena thalamooAAathaban doona thalika walakinna aktharahumla yaAAlamoona
52:47 For those who transgressed will be retribution beyond this, but most of them do not know.
52:47 And for those who transgressed will be a retribution beyond this, but most of them do not know.
52:47 But, verily, for those who are bent on doing evil, there is suffering in store [even] closer at hand than that [supreme suffering in the hereafter]: but most of them are not aware of it.27
Note 27
As in 32:21, the Qur'an stresses here the fact that every evil deed is bound to react in some way or other, even in this world, against him who commits it - either by depriving him of the affection of those who surround him and, thus, deepening his inner loneliness, or, more directly, by creating circumstances which make the achievement of real happiness and satisfaction increasingly impossible.
52:47 Those who transgress suffer retribution here, but most of them do not know.,
52:47 And for oppressors, violators of human rights and those who relegate the truth, there is a punishment beyond that. But most of them know not.13
Note 13
That their wrongdoing hurts their own ‘self’. Three meanings of Zaalimeen given in the beginning of the verse
52:48 واصبر لحكم ربك فانك باعيننا وسبح بحمد ربك حين تقوم
52:48 Waisbir lihukmi rabbikafa-innaka bi-aAAyunina wasabbih bihamdirabbika heena taqoomu
52:48 You shall be patient for the judgment of your Lord, for you are in Our sights, and glorify the praise of your Lord when you get up.
52:48 You shall be patient for the judgment of your Lord, for you are in Our sights; and glorify the praise of your Lord when you rise.
52:48 And so, await in patience thy Sustainer's judgment, for thou art well within Our sight.28 And extol thy Sustainer's limitless glory and praise whenever thou risest up,
Note 28
I.e., "under Our protection".
52:48 You shall steadfastly persevere in carrying out your Lord's command - you are in our eyes - and glorify and praise your Lord when you get up.,
52:48 (O Messenger) work patiently to establish the Rule of your Lord, for you are in Our eyes. Begin your day with a firm resolve and work to manifest the praise of your Lord.14
Note 14
In Our eyes = Under God’s affectionate support and care
52:49 ومن اليل فسبحه وادبر النجوم
52:49 Wamina allayli fasabbihhu wa-idbaraalnnujoomi
52:49 Also during the night glorify Him, and at the setting of the stars.
52:49 Also from the night glorify Him, and at the fading of the stars.
52:49 and extol His glory at night, and at the time when the stars retreat.
52:49 Also during the night glorify Him, and at dawn as the stars fade away.,
52:49 And even at night do your best to manifest His praise, and at the setting of the stars.