بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Bismi Allahi alrrahmani alrraheemi
In the name of God, the Gracious, the Compassionate.
In the name of God, the Almighty, the Merciful.
In the name of God, The Most Gracious, The Dispenser of Grace:
In the name of GOD, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. ,
All praise is due to God, the Lord/Cherisher/Sustainer of the Universe and everything therein.
Bismillâhir rahmânir rahîm.
Rahman, Rahim Allah'ın ismiyle
Rahman ve Rahim Allah'ın adıyla...
RAHMÂN, RAHÎM ALLAH ADINA
Rahman ve Rahim olan Allah'ın adıyla
86:1 Waalssama-i waalttariqi
86:1 The sky and the herald.1
86:1 By the heaven and the herald.
86:1 CONSIDER the heavens and that which comes in the night!1
Note 1
Some commentators assume that what is described here as at-tariq ("that which comes in the night") is the morning-star, because it appears towards the end of the night; others - like Zamakhshari or Raghib - understand by it "the star" in its generic sense. Now if we analyze the origin of this noun, we find that it is derived from the verb taraqa, which primarily means "he beat [something]" or "knocked [at something]"; hence, taraqa 'l-bab, "he knocked at the door". Tropically, the noun signifies "anything [or "anyone"] that comes in the night", because a person who comes to a house by night is expected to knock at the door (Taj al-'Arus). In the Qur'anic mode of expression, at-tariq is evidently a metaphor for the heavenly solace which sometimes comes to a human being lost in the deepest darkness of affliction and distress; or for the sudden, intuitive enlightenment which disperses the darkness of uncertainty; or, finally, for divine revelation, which knocks, as it were, at the doors of man's heart.. and thus fulfils the functions of both solace and enlightenment. (For my rendering of the adjurative wa as "Consider", see surah 74, first half of note 23.)
86:1 By the sky and Al-Taareq.,
86:1 The sky and the brightest star are witness to what is being said.1
Note 1
This is the 86th Surah of the Qur’an and it has 17 short verses.
‘Taariq’ literally means a night-visitant who arrives with a lamp in his hand and knocks at the door. [Taraq = Knock at the door]
Metaphorically, it applies to any star that shines at night, and also the brightest star on the horizon at any given time that 'knocks' at the darkness.
Keeping these meanings in mind, it dawns upon us that ‘At-Tariq’ = The Tariq, is very fittingly applicable to the exalted Messenger who arrived when the world was sunk in the Darkness of Ignorance. With the Radiant Lamp of the Qur’an in his hand this noble visitant knocked at the doors of minds and hearts and gave light that has been spreading over the entire planet earth.
[We find a similar but much less dignified statement about Jesus Christ in the Gospel, Mathew. 24:42 “Watch therefore, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming - 43 But know this, that if the householder had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have watched and would not have let his house be broken into – 44 Therefore, you also must be ready; for the Son of man is coming at an hour you do not expect.”]
With the Glorious Name of God, the Instant and Sustaining Source of all Mercy and Kindness
86:2 Wama adraka ma alttariqu
86:2 Do you know what the herald is?
86:2 And do you know what the herald is?
86:2 And what could make thee conceive what it is that comes in the night?
86:2 Do you know what Al-Taareq is?,
86:2 And what will enlighten you as to what the Tariq is!
86:3 Alnnajmu alththaqibu
86:3 The piercing star.
86:3 The piercing star.
86:3 It is the star that pierces through [life's] darkness:
86:3 The bright star.,
86:3 The Brightest Star! The noble night-visitant with the Radiant Lamp of the Qur’an in his hand knocking at the doors of minds and hearts, giving light.
86:4 In kullu nafsin lamma AAalayha hafithun
86:4 Every person has a recorder over it.
86:4 Every soul has a recorder over it.
86:4 [for] no human being has ever been left unguarded.2
Note 2
Lit., "there is no human being without a guardian [or "without a watch being kept] over it". See in this connection note 7 on 82:10.
86:4 Absolutely, everyone is well guarded.,
86:4 There is no person without a watch being kept over him.2
Note 2
The Law of Requital is ever-vigilant
86:5 Falyanthuri al-insanumimma khuliqa
86:5 So let the human being see from what he was created.2
Note 2
Those who are not familiar with the function of oaths question the wisdom of God "swearing" to convince His audience. The Quran uses oaths to pull our attention to a particular object, concept or relationship. We could translate all oaths by starting with "I pull your attention to:…." When we utter an oath we make God our witness. This testimony could work for us or against us depending on how accurate our position is. Thus, our use of God's name in our oaths has no bearing in proving our assertion or negation. We refer to oaths to persuade our audience by using our apparent relationship with God as concideration for contracts. If we are lying, our oath only increases the magnitude of our lie and thus increases our responsibility. The Quranic oaths, however, are not used to convince us; but to make us think. When God uses His creatures in His oaths, He pulls our attention to the signs in nature and scripture to encourage us and invite us to be rational, consistent, and logical.
The Quran reminds us consistently that the God who authored the ayat (signs) of the book is the same God who created the ayat (signs) of the physical universe; both are products of the same God and share the same characteristics. Besides this important reminder, the objects, events and concepts used in oaths prepare our mind for the upcoming issues or theses; they provide aesthetic and semantic mental pictures and reference points. For instance, do the above oaths pull our attention to the ten-based and digital number systems? Is there a relationship between the fourth verse and 74:33? See 56:75; 69:38; 70:40; 75:1; 77:1; 79:1; 81:15; 84:16; 85:1; 86:1; 90:1; 91:1; 92:1; 93:1; 95:1; 100:1; 103:2.
86:5 Solet man see from what he was created.
86:5 LET MAN, then, observe out of what he has been created:
86:5 Let the human reflect on his creation.,
86:5 Let the human being, then, consider out of what he has been created.3
Note 3
And realize the common origin of all mankind. Has there not passed over man an era when he was not even worth mentioning? 76:1
86:6 Khuliqa min ma-in dafiqin
86:6 He was created from water that spurts forth.
86:6 Hewas created from a water that spurts forth.
86:6 he has been created out of a seminal fluid
86:6 He was created from ejected liquid.,
86:6 He has been created from turbulent water. [21:30, 24:25]
86:7 يخرج من بين الصلب والترائب
86:7 Yakhruju min bayni alssulbi waalttara-ibi
86:7 It comes out from between the spine and the testicles.
86:7 Itcomes out from between the spine and the testicles.
86:7 issuing from between the loins [of man] and the pelvic arch [of woman].3
Note 3
The plural noun tara'ib, rendered by me as "pelvic arch", has also the meaning of "ribs" or "arch of bones"; according to most of the authorities who have specialized in the etymology of rare Quranic expressions this term relates specifically to female anatomy (Taj al-'Arus).
86:7 From between the spine and the viscera.,
86:7 That issued from between tough rocks and mingled dust.
86:8 Innahu AAala rajAAihi laqadirun
86:8 For He is able to bring him back.
86:8 For He is able to bring him back.
86:8 Now, verily, He [who thus creates man in the first instance] is well able to bring him back [to life]
86:8 He is certainly able to resurrect him.,
86:8 He (Who has thus created man), is well Able to bring him back.
86:9 Yawma tubla alssara-iru
86:9 The day when all is revealed.
86:9 The Day when all is revealed.
86:9 on the Day when all I secrets will be laid bare,
86:9 The day all secrets become known.,
86:9 On the Day when all secrets will be revealed.
86:10 Fama lahu min quwwatin wala nasirin
86:10 Then he will not have any power or victor.
86:10 Then he will not have any power or victor.
86:10 and [man] will have neither strength nor helper!
86:10 He will have no power, nor a helper.,
86:10 Then he will have no power, nor a helper.
86:11 Waalssama-i thati alrrajAAi
86:11 The sky which gives rain.
86:11 Andthe sky which gives rain.
86:11 Consider4 the heavens, ever-revolving,
Note 4
Sc., "And, finally, in order to grasp more fully God's power of creation and re-creation, consider. . .", etc.
86:11 By the sky that returns,
86:11 Witness is the high atmosphere that keeps returning (its water, gases and other composition.)
86:12 Waal-ardi thati alssadAAi
86:12 The land with small cracks.
86:12 Andthe land with cracks.
86:12 and the earth, bursting forth with plants!
(the water).86:12 By the earth that cracks,
86:12 And witness is the earth which cracks open for springs and plants.
86:13 Innahu laqawlun faslun
86:13 This is the word that separates matters.
86:13 This is the word that separates matters.
86:13 BEHOLD, this [divine writ] is indeed a word that between truth and falsehood,5
Note 5
Lit., "a decisive word", or "word of distinction", i.e., between the true and the false - in this case, belief in a continuation of life after "death ", on the one hand, and a denial of its possibility, on the other. (Cf. 37:21, 44:40, and 38, and 78:17, where Resurrection Day is spoken of as "the Day of Distinction"; see also note 6 on .)
(to grow plants).86:13 This is a serious narration.,
86:13 This (Qur’an) is a Conclusive Word.4
86:14 Wama huwa bialhazli
86:14 It is not a thing for amusement.
86:14 Andit is not a thing for amusement.
86:14 and is no idle tale.
86:14 Not to be taken lightly.,
86:14 It is not an amusing idle talk.
86:15 Innahum yakeedoona kaydan
86:15 They are plotting a scheme.
86:15 They are planning a plan.
86:15 Behold, they [who refuse to accept it] devise many a false argument6 [to disprove its truth];
Note 6
Lit., "devise [many] an artful scheme (kayd)"; see note 41 on 34:33, where "the almost synonymous term makr is used in the same sense.
86:15 They plot and scheme.,
86:15 Yet, they plot and scheme (to refute the truth 34:33).
86:16 Waakeedu kaydan
86:16 And I plot a scheme.
86:16 AndI am planning a plan.
86:16 but I shall bring all their scheming to nought.7
Note 7
Lit., "I shall devise a [yet more subtle] scheme", sc., "to bring theirs to nought". The paraphrase adopted by me gives, according to all the authorities, the meaning of the above sentence.
86:16 But so do I.,
86:16 But I work My Own design.
86:17 فمهل الكفرين امهلهم رويدا
86:17 Famahhili alkafireena amhilhum ruwaydan
86:17 So respite the ingrates, respite them for a while.
86:17 So respite the rejecters, respite them for a while.
86:17 Let, then, the deniers of the truth have their will: let them have their will for a little while.
86:17 Just respite the disbelievers a short respite.,
86:17 Therefore give the rejecters some time. Leave them alone for a while.