بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Bismi Allahi alrrahmani alrraheemi
In the name of God, the Gracious, the Compassionate.
In the name of God, the Almighty, the Merciful.
In the name of God, The Most Gracious, The Dispenser of Grace:
In the name of GOD, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. ,
All praise is due to God, the Lord/Cherisher/Sustainer of the Universe and everything therein.
Bismillâhir rahmânir rahîm.
Rahman, Rahim Allah'ın ismiyle
Rahman ve Rahim Allah'ın adıyla...
RAHMÂN, RAHÎM ALLAH ADINA
Rahman ve Rahim olan Allah'ın adıyla
88:1 Hal ataka hadeethu alghashiyati
88:1 Has the news come to you of the Overwhelming?
88:1 Has the narrative of that which will overwhelm come to you?
88:1 HAS THERE COME unto thee the tiding of the Overshadowing Event?'1
Note 1
I.e., the Day of Resurrection.
88:1 Are you aware of the Overwhelming?,
88:1 Has the news of the Dominating Event reached you?1
Note 1
This is the 88th Surah of the Qur’an. It has 26 verses. Ghashiyah is something that covers like a blanket. Al-Ghashiyah implies a dominating or overwhelming event that overshadows other things, and thus, refers to the Great Cosmic Revolution, often termed as 'the Apocalypse'.
Reward and Punishment are built in our actions. God’s Law of Requital returns what a person has earned and everyone determines his own destiny by what he does with his human capacities. So, recompense is only a logical culmination of one’s own deeds.
Allama Sir Muhammad Iqbal d.1938, echoed this Qur’anic theme beautifully in one of his poems: The Hellfire is nothing but a cool place. It is people that carry their own fire to Hell.
With the Glorious Name of God, the Instant and Sustaining Source of all Mercy and Kindness
88:2 Wujoohun yawma-ithin khashiAAatun
88:2 Faces on that day will be desolate.
88:2 Faces on that Day which will be shamed.
88:2 Some faces will on that Day be downcast,
88:2 Faces on that day will be shamed.,
88:2 Some faces on that Day will be downcast.
88:3 AAamilatun nasibatun
88:3 Laboring and weary.
88:3 Laboring and weary.
88:3 toiling [under burdens of sin], worn out [by fear],
88:3 Laboring and exhausted.,
88:3 Laboring, exhausted.2
Note 2
They were in motion without action and toiled without direction
88:4 Tasla naran hamiyatan
88:4 They will enter a blazing fire.
88:4 They will enter a blazing Fire.
88:4 about to enter a glowing fire,
88:4 Suffering in a blazing Hellfire.,
88:4 As they enter a sizzling fire.
88:5 Tusqa min AAaynin aniyatin
88:5 Be given to drink from a boiling spring.
88:5 And be given to drink from a boiling spring.
88:5 given to drink from a boiling spring.
88:5 Drinking from a flaming spring.,
88:5 Given to drink from a spring of burning anguish.
88:6 Laysa lahum taAAamun illamin dareeAAin
88:6 They will have no food except from a thorny plant.
88:6 They will have no food except from a thorny plant.
88:6 No food for them save the bitterness of dry thorns,
88:6 They will have no food except the useless variety.,
88:6 No food for them but the bitter thorny plant.3
Note 3
They planted thorns in others' way
88:7 La yusminu wala yughnee minjooAAin
88:7 It does not nourish nor avail against hunger.
88:7 Itdoes not nourish nor avail against hunger.
88:7 which gives no strength and neither stills hunger.2
Note 2
According to Al-Qiffal (as quoted by Razi), this kind of hellish drink and food is a metonym for utter hopelessness and abasement. As regards the noun dari' - which is said to be a bitter, thorny plant in its dried state (Jawhari) - it is to be borne in mind that it is derived from the verb dara'a or dari'a, which signifies "he [or "it"] became abject" or "abased" (ibid.): hence my rendering of this (obviously metaphorical) expression as "the bitterness of dry thorns". A similarly metaphorical meaning attaches to the expression "a boiling spring" in verse 5, which recalls the term hamim so often mentioned in the Qur'an (see note 62 on the last sentence of 6:70).
88:7 It never nourishes, nor satisfies hunger.,
88:7 Which nourishes not, nor relieves hunger.
88:8 Wujoohun yawma-ithin naAAimatun
88:8 Faces on that day are joyful.
88:8 And faces on that Day which are soft.
88:8 [And] some faces will on that Day shine with bliss,
88:8 Other faces on that day will be full of joy.,
88:8 On that Day some faces will shine with bliss.
88:9 LisaAAyiha radiyatun
88:9 For their pursuit they are content.
88:9 For their pursuit they are content.
88:9 well-pleased with [the fruit of] their striving,
88:9 Satisfied with their work.,
88:9 Happy with the fruit of their effort.
88:10 Fee jannatin AAaliyatin
88:10 In a high paradise.
88:10 In a high paradise.
88:10 in a garden sublime,
88:10 In an exalted Paradise.,
88:10 In a Garden exalted in honor.
88:11 La tasmaAAu feeha laghiyatan
88:11 You will not hear in it any nonsense.
88:11 Youwill not hear in it any nonsense.
88:11 wherein thou wilt hear no empty talk.
88:11 In it, no nonsense is heard.,
88:11 Wherein you hear not senseless speech.
88:12 Feeha AAaynun jariyatun
88:12 In it is a running spring.
88:12 In it is a running spring.
88:12 Countless springs3 will flow therein,
Note 3
Lit., "a spring" - but, as Zamakhshari and Ibn Kathir point out, the singular form has here a generic import, implying "a multitude of springs". This metaphor of the life-giving element is analogous to that of the "running waters" (anhar) frequently mentioned in Qur'anic descriptions of paradise.
88:12 In it, a spring flows.,
88:12 Therein is an ever-flowing Spring (of grace 76:16-17).
88:13 Feeha sururun marfooAAatun
88:13 In it are raised beds.
88:13 In it are raised beds.
88:13 [and] there will be thrones [of happiness] raised high,4
88:13 In it, there are luxurious furnishings.,
88:13 Therein are thrones of honor.
88:14 Waakwabun mawdooAAatun
88:14 Cups that are set.
88:14 Andcups that are set.
88:14 and goblets placed ready,
88:14 And drinks made available.,
88:14 And shiny glasses set at hand.
88:15 Wanamariqu masfoofatun
88:15 Cushions arranged in rows.
88:15 Andcushions arranged in rows.
88:15 and cushions ranged,
88:15 And pitchers in rows.,
88:15 And cushions set in rows.
88:16 Wazarabiyyu mabthoothatun
88:16 Rich carpets spread out.
88:16 Andrich carpets spread out.
88:16 and carpets spread out
88:16 And carpets throughout.,
88:16 And silken carpets spread out.
88:17 افلا ينظرون الى الابل كيف خلقت
88:17 Afala yanthuroona ilaal-ibili kayfa khuliqat
88:17 Will they not look at the camels/clouds, how are they created?1
Note 1
As God's marvelous creation, we are given a limited power to mimic God's creation and create. Mimicking the marvelous organs and functions of plants and animals has always been an inspiration for inventors. Recently, engineers turned more seriously to biology for inspiration which led to the establishment of a new scientific field called Biomimicry. We all know the example of Velcro, which was inspired by barbs on weed seeds. According to the information provided by the Biomimicry Guild, the application of this new science in technology is limitless. For instance, the hydrodynamic design of fish is now inspiring car designers to increase cars’ aerodynamics, the morpho-butterfly is teaching fabric manufacturers to create structural colors without dyes, and the gecko lizard with tiny split hairs under its feet is inspiring chemists to come up with perfect adhesives. The examples are many. For instance, Orb-weaver spider silk for manufacturing fiber (used in parachute wires, suspension bridge cables, protective clothing, etc.) without using heat, high pressure, or toxic chemicals. Porcupine quills are a source of inspiration for agronomists to breed better wind resistance in wheat and barley, Rhesus monkeys for new sources of nutrient minerals… Sharks and other marine creatures that live with all kinds of pathogens for new antibiotics. Abalone mussel nacre for manufacturing lightweight but fracture-resistant windshields and bodies of solar cars, and airplanes. Antlers teeth, bones and shells with their natural biomineralization for building 3-D objects layer by layer using CAD, and ink-jet technology. Blue mussel adhesive for making paints and coatings that do not need primer or catalysts to work. Elastin, the elastic protein in the heart muscle for materials and fibers that can stretch and contract in response to heat, light, and chemical changes. Fish antifreeze to freeze human transplant organs without injury… For more information on the subject, you may visit www.biomimicry.net.
88:17 Will they not look at the camels, how were they created?
88:17 DO, THEN, they [who deny resurrection] never gaze at the clouds pregnant with water, [and observe] how they are created?5
Note 5
Implying that a denial of resurrection and life in the hereafter renders the concept of a conscious Creator utterly meaningless; hence my interpretation of the words "who deny resurrection" in the first part of this verse. - As regards the noun ibil, it denotes, as a rule, "camels": a generic plural which has no singular form. But one must remember that it also signifies "clouds bearing rain-water" (Lisan al-'Arab, Qamus, Taj al-'Arus) - a meaning which is preferable in the present context. If the term were used in the sense of "camels", the reference to it in the above verse would have been primarily - if not exclusively - addressed to the Arabian contemporaries of the Prophet, to whom the camel was always an object of admiration on account of its outstanding endurance, the many uses to which it could be put (riding, load-bearing, and as a source of milk, flesh and fine wool) and its indispensability to people living amid deserts. But precisely because a reference to "camels" would restrict its significance to people of a particular environment and a particular time (without even the benefit of a historical allusion to past events), it must be ruled out here, for the Qur'anic appeals to observe the wonders of the God-created universe are invariably directed at people of all times and all environments. Hence, there is every reason to assume that the term ibil relates here not to camels but to "clouds pregnant with water": the more so as such an allusion to the miraculous, cyclic process of the evaporation of water, the skyward ascension of vapour, its condensation and, finally, its precipitation over the earth is definitely more in tune with the subsequent mention (in verses 18-20) of sky, mountains and earth, than would be a reference to "camels", however admirable and noteworthy these animals may be.
88:17 Why do they not reflect on the camels and how they are created?,
88:17 Will they not, then, reflect on:
88:18 Wa-ila alssama-i kayfarufiAAat
88:18 To the sky, how is it raised?
88:18 Andto the sky, how was it raised?
88:18 And at the sky, how it is raised aloft?
88:18 And the sky and how it is raised.,
88:18 - And at the sky, how it is raised high?4
88:19 Wa-ila aljibali kayfa nusibat
88:19 To the mountains, how were they set?
88:19 Andto the mountains, how were they set?
88:19 And at the mountains, how firmly they are reared?
88:19 And the mountains and how they are constructed.,
88:19 - And at the mountains, how they are entrenched?
88:20 Wa-ila al-ardi kayfa sutihat
88:20 To the land, how was it flattened?
88:20 And to the land, how was it flattened?
88:20 And at the earth, how it is spread out?
88:20 And the earth and how it is built.,
88:21 Fathakkir innama anta muthakkirun
88:21 So remind, for you are but a reminder.
88:21 So remind, for you are but a reminder.
88:21 And so, [O Prophet,] exhort them; thy task is only to exhort:
88:21 You shall remind, for your mission is to deliver this reminder.,
88:21 (This is some evidence, O Messenger.) So remind them, for, you are one to remind.
88:22 Lasta AAalayhim bimusaytirin
88:22 You have no power over them.
88:22 You have no power over them.
88:22 thou canst not compel them [to believe].6
Note 6
Lit., "thou hast no power over them".
88:22 You have no power over them.,
88:22 You are not a task master over them.
88:23 Illa man tawalla wakafara
88:23 Except for he who turns away and rejects.
88:23 Except for he who turns away and rejects.
88:23 However, as for him who turns away, being bent on denying the truth,
88:23 As for those who turn away and disbelieve.,
88:23 But whoever turns away and denies the truth,
88:24 فيعذبه الله العذاب الاكبر
88:24 FayuAAaththibuhu Allahu alAAathabaal-akbara
88:24 Then God will punish him with the great retribution.
88:24 Then God will punish him with the great retribution.
88:24 him will God cause to suffer the greatest suffering [in the life to come]:
88:24 GOD will commit them to the great retribution.,
88:24 God will requite him with a great requital.
88:25 Inna ilayna iyabahum
88:25 Indeed, to Us is their return.
88:25 Indeed, to Us is their return.
88:25 for behold, unto Us will be their return,
88:25 To us is their ultimate destiny.,
88:25 Indeed, to Us is their return.
88:26 Thumma inna AAalayna hisabahum
88:26 Then to Us is their judgment.
88:26 Then to Us is their judgment.
88:26 and verily, It is for Us to call them to account.
88:26 Then we will call them to account.,
88:26 Then it is for Us to call them to account.